Tuesday, September 15, 2020

How To Write A Publishable Paper As A Class Project

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Friday, September 11, 2020

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Thursday, September 10, 2020

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Monday, September 7, 2020

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Friday, September 4, 2020

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Thursday, September 3, 2020

Academic Freedom, Free Speech, And The Syllabus

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An outline traces the event of your concepts, and offers a reference level to return to, if needed. In addition, it is a good idea to print out internet pages you cite as references on your paper. Sometimes the document, webpage, and even the complete website just isn't accessible at a later date, and you cannot then show its existence. It is beneficial to put in writing down the titles of the indexes you could have searched, in case you need to do additional analysis later. Use the Novanet catalogue to search out books in your topic. We assume that a reliable firm ought to come to the rescue at any time. So, we offer you the chance to contact us 24 hours a day, 7 days per week. Whatever technique works for you, it's the finish result that issues, not how you bought there. Do not fear if you have no idea every thing you are going to say earlier than you start. Often it is only via the process of writing that ideas emerge. Padding can distract, confuse, and irritate your readers, and most professors can spot it a mile away. A Bibliography/Works Cited List is an inventory of all of the sources you used in your paper or found helpful in getting ready your paper. A listing of Works Cited contains solely the works you cite in your text; different references are excluded. Arrange the record alphabetically by the authors' surnames. Look for punctuation errors, shifts in verb tenses, and general to insure your paper is sensible. We have compiled a collection of guides, books, courses, presentations and other assets designed to help you with the planning, fashion, structure and composition of your research articles. The writer BioMed Central has also produced a set of resourceson writing and publishing a scientific article. This useful resource on the Authoraid web site presents a journal article from PLoS ONE with annotated feedback on features of the scientific writing. COBWEB is an online writing device for authors to make use of when writing up the results of a randomised controlled trial. It consists of a sequence of textual content bins for every CONSORT item, prompting you to explain every element of your research. Once you have filled in all of the related text bins, COBWEB creates a formatted Word doc for you to edit and proceed working on. One of the first hurdles to recover from when writing up a analysis plan or reporting the results of your study is discovering the appropriate reporting guideline.

Wednesday, September 2, 2020

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Friday, August 28, 2020

Help Me Redesign The Scientific Paper

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Wednesday, August 26, 2020

The Future Of Truth And Misinformation Online

The Future Of Truth And Misinformation Online Next, even though the corporate claims to have “a solid discount system,” there’s no clear description of this technique anyplace on the website. Moreover, there’s no information about the reductions for first-time clients, which is a typical apply within the trade. It’s nonetheless a very reasonable price considering the outstanding high quality that you simply get. Most college students share constructive opinions by way of their essay writing reviews. Those who use this service are impressed with the speedy supply, well mannered customer service brokers, and quality of the work done. It’s extremely rare for a writing service to fail that hard. So when you discover that the unfavorable critiques at an internet site are extraordinarily negative in all features, you’re taking a look at a biased reviewing service. There are great essay writing service reviews, too. They have an enormous base of evaluations by real clients. It’s a community, where college students help each other to choose the right service. After that, you can start earn your first cash in freelance writing. I need to thank everybody who participates in this publish for your insightful enter. But, generally terms - are you looking for a way to see it as unlawful to promote the papers? I can see shopping for the essays being seen as fraud, in addition to being towards academic honesty policies, however I'm not sure I can see the selling as felony. The person who wrote the essay holds the copyright, they usually license the scholar to make use of the essay. It's my understanding that most essay mills say that they're writing to contract, but haven't any precise idea what the purchasers are doing with their product. I am a published author in the genres of science fiction, fiction, fantasy and youngsters’s. Although I actually have no intent on discontinuing my work as an independent creator, I have recently decided to turn into a contract writer with my final objective of turning into a ghost author. I’m still somewhat uncertain as to what to charge for my companies primarily based upon my writing experience, a minimum of I have a ball park concept and for that I am grateful. Some critiques will list all adverse claims a few sure service. The listing of companies is poor… you get the point. A large help when you've writers block and can't figure out where to start out. Some excellent concept to make use of and delivered on time. Quality assurance specialists ensure that papers written by our professional writers are a hundred% distinctive. But the most important factor is that an essay writing service review will warn you to keep away from a suspicious company. Some new websites appeal to a lot of consideration with low-cost presents and cool reductions. Buy Essay Online claims to work with native English audio system and ESL writers, which suggests that clients might need to pay extra to get a native speaker to write their paper. Selling an editorial is not illegal, and they cannot be answerable for what the consumers do with the product post-sale. I paid for a TOP author for an essay over my birthday so as to be able to give attention to having fun with my day quite than stressing. The paper I acquired was a large number, not accurately formatted, almost each sentence was cited, the essay did not observe any of the directions. I obtained a failing grade with notes on my essay from my instructor on tips on how to fix it with a 2nd chance because failing this essay made me fail the course. I learn great reviews about this firm but fact be told I would not doubt they pay for their good reviews after this horrible expertise. I selected it is to do my homework & write my essay within the simply concluded 4th semester. It has been acceptable so far and I do thank their essay writers for the top quality job. I'm looking at all the things that they've outlined in my essay, and samedayessay.com does nicely. If you might be already utilizing a tutorial assistant then you know many causes for being caught by your professor including suspiciously qualitative essay. A pupil who has constant C or D in a topic and brings shiny essay that's written by an expert essay author might be immediately discovered. Let’s follow up the analysis on the essential reasons for ordering the essays online and high 5 suggestions for not being caught. That’s nice technique, folks could see your ability, then rent you to write down their essay or any different sort of papers. Second spherical comes and still not APA format, coated in spelling errors, no thesis statement, and clearly didn't observe any further instructions or have a look at what my instructor said. I'm left failing my class and the corporate doesn't care.

The Future Of Truth And Misinformation Online

The Future Of Truth And Misinformation Online Next, even though the corporate claims to have “a solid discount system,” there’s no clear description of this technique anyplace on the website. Moreover, there’s no information about the reductions for first-time clients, which is a typical apply within the trade. It’s nonetheless a very reasonable price considering the outstanding high quality that you simply get. Most college students share constructive opinions by way of their essay writing reviews. Those who use this service are impressed with the speedy supply, well mannered customer service brokers, and quality of the work done. It’s extremely rare for a writing service to fail that hard. So when you discover that the unfavorable critiques at an internet site are extraordinarily negative in all features, you’re taking a look at a biased reviewing service. There are great essay writing service reviews, too. They have an enormous base of evaluations by real clients. It’s a community, where college students help each other to choose the right service. After that, you can start earn your first cash in freelance writing. I need to thank everybody who participates in this publish for your insightful enter. But, generally terms - are you looking for a way to see it as unlawful to promote the papers? I can see shopping for the essays being seen as fraud, in addition to being towards academic honesty policies, however I'm not sure I can see the selling as felony. The person who wrote the essay holds the copyright, they usually license the scholar to make use of the essay. It's my understanding that most essay mills say that they're writing to contract, but haven't any precise idea what the purchasers are doing with their product. I am a published author in the genres of science fiction, fiction, fantasy and youngsters’s. Although I actually have no intent on discontinuing my work as an independent creator, I have recently decided to turn into a contract writer with my final objective of turning into a ghost author. I’m still somewhat uncertain as to what to charge for my companies primarily based upon my writing experience, a minimum of I have a ball park concept and for that I am grateful. Some critiques will list all adverse claims a few sure service. The listing of companies is poor… you get the point. A large help when you've writers block and can't figure out where to start out. Some excellent concept to make use of and delivered on time. Quality assurance specialists ensure that papers written by our professional writers are a hundred% distinctive. But the most important factor is that an essay writing service review will warn you to keep away from a suspicious company. Some new websites appeal to a lot of consideration with low-cost presents and cool reductions. Buy Essay Online claims to work with native English audio system and ESL writers, which suggests that clients might need to pay extra to get a native speaker to write their paper. Selling an editorial is not illegal, and they cannot be answerable for what the consumers do with the product post-sale. I paid for a TOP author for an essay over my birthday so as to be able to give attention to having fun with my day quite than stressing. The paper I acquired was a large number, not accurately formatted, almost each sentence was cited, the essay did not observe any of the directions. I obtained a failing grade with notes on my essay from my instructor on tips on how to fix it with a 2nd chance because failing this essay made me fail the course. I learn great reviews about this firm but fact be told I would not doubt they pay for their good reviews after this horrible expertise. I selected it is to do my homework & write my essay within the simply concluded 4th semester. It has been acceptable so far and I do thank their essay writers for the top quality job. I'm looking at all the things that they've outlined in my essay, and samedayessay.com does nicely. If you might be already utilizing a tutorial assistant then you know many causes for being caught by your professor including suspiciously qualitative essay. A pupil who has constant C or D in a topic and brings shiny essay that's written by an expert essay author might be immediately discovered. Let’s follow up the analysis on the essential reasons for ordering the essays online and high 5 suggestions for not being caught. That’s nice technique, folks could see your ability, then rent you to write down their essay or any different sort of papers. Second spherical comes and still not APA format, coated in spelling errors, no thesis statement, and clearly didn't observe any further instructions or have a look at what my instructor said. I'm left failing my class and the corporate doesn't care.

Sunday, August 2, 2020

College Exams vs. High School Exams

College Exams vs. High School Exams I recently  took a midterm for an  advanced-level Economics courses, ECON 490: Economics of Terrorism, War, and Conflict. Weve been economically  modeling  the behavior of terrorists/terrorist organizations and looking at the best implementation of counterterrorism policies. Its the type of class I dreamed about getting to take as a wee Economics major. The midterm probably didnt go as well as I wanted because of my own studying procrastination, but the final verdict will be in when I get the grade back in the next few weeks. Via the Spongebob Wikipedia It got me thinking about taking tests in high school vs. taking exams in college. And I think the terminology of test vs. exam is important. In high school, you get tested on a lot less material at one time.  Tests happen maybe every other week  and cover a few chapters or a novel you just finished. As a senior in college, exams happen anywhere from every three to six weeks, and that means they cover around  months worth of material at a time. Thats a lot of lectures, readings, and homework assignments to review. Basically, college exams can be pretty high stakes compared to high school tests. The midterm I just took was 25% of my overall grade in the course. The final exam is 40%. In an upper-level English class Im also in right now, only three assignments decide my grade: two papers and one oral presentation. English courses tend not to have many exams, so papers are weighted similarly. Via the Spongebob Wikipedia Coming to Illinois definitely  required a different sort of studying. I know a lot of people who are incredibly smart and got stellar grades in high school with very little studying  who were a little shocked when that strategy didnt work as well in college. When your exam covers a lot more material and matters a lot more to your grade, that means studying more over many days, going to office hours, forming study groups, and more often than not, losing out on some sleep or something fun. But dont freak. Especially in freshmen courses, professors will help you narrow down what to review in class or through a study guide they provide. All your classmates are in the same boat, too, so work with them, talk to them. And sometimes theres a curveâ€"but never plan for one. Most importantly, just because you do badly on one (or more than one) exam, doesnt mean youre doomed. In Calculus II freshman year, I  struggled a lot on exams. I averaged an exam grade of a C or maybe C+, even though I  always attended class and got  help from the TA. Things just didnt really click. The key was devoting a lot of time  and effort to that  final exam, which was worth the most to my grade. I ended up with a B-! And you might not celebrate a B-, but that B- was the happiest  grade Ive ever earned. Be flexible, work hard, and forgive yourself when things dont go perfectly. Youll be just fine. Maggie Class of 2017 After starting my time at Illinois Undeclared in the Division of General Studies, I’m majoring in English and Economics with a minor in Informatics from the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. I’m from the relatively small town of Manhattan, Illinois.

Friday, May 22, 2020

Should Smoking Be Effective - 1350 Words

Introduction One of the most contentious debates in the United States relates to the topic of smoking. Some argue that smoking has risen to the level of a public health crisis, and cite some very distributing statistics in order to support those claims. For example, the Centers for Disease Control (2015) estimates that 6 million Americans die each year from tobacco, and the direct medical costs associated with treating smokers tops 150 billion dollars annually. These facts have motivated many public policy makers to consider new ways to deter Americans from smoking, including heavily taxing tobacco products, as well as considering an outright ban on smoking. This paper will argue that banning smoking would not be effective, and that continuing to tax tobacco products offers the most positive outcomes for all stakeholders. Arguments against a Smoking Ban For some, the default response to a public health crisis is to consider an immediate ban on the issue that is causing the crisis. The direct line from â€Å"smoking is bad† to â€Å"we should ban smoking† is an appealing choice to some who are concerned about smoking’s impact on American society. However, there the powerful arguments against instituting a complete smoking ban within the United States. These arguments can be neatly separated into pragmatic arguments as well as theoretical arguments. From a pragmatic perspective, a complete ban on smoking within the United States would be impossible to enforce. For evidence of this,Show MoreRelatedPersuasive Essay On Smoking Cessation1555 Words   |  7 Pages Smoking is an addiction that can risk one’s health, which in turn can lead to death. As time advances, both smokers and non-smokers are beginning to understand the harm in this deadly habit because not only does it harm smokers, it can impact anyone who encounters the smoke second-hand. Since the public has become aware of the health risks induced by smoking, cessation tools such as nicotine replacement therapy are being invented to help terminate the desire to smoke. As technology improves, smokingRead MorePersuasive Essay On Smoking1236 Words   |  5 PagesThroughout history, smoking cigarettes has led to higher risks of developing different kinds of cancers and other health problems. Most people who are smokers are unaware of how serious their addiction actually is. Not only are they deteriorating their bodies, they are harming others in the process. Even if people are not concerned about their own health, they should at least be thoughtful be considerate enough to be mindful of people around them, particularly their own family. Smoking cigarettes isRead MoreNegative Externalities Of Cigarette Smoking849 Words   |  4 PagesI’ve decided to analyze the negative externalities that come from cigarette smoking, particularly the negative externality of second hand smoking, in which a non-smoker, therefore a non-buyer and non-seller, is still inhaling smoke and suffering from it. Worldwide, 40% of children, 33% of male non-smokers, and 35% of female non-smokers were exposed to second-hand smoke in 2004. This exposure was estimated to have caused 379000 deaths from ischaemic heart disease, 165000 from lower respiratory infectionsRead MoreHow Advertisements Are Effective Or Not Towards The Audience864 Words   |  4 Pagespossible and it would be hard not to encounter it in form for the few years it has been present for the public to see. Throughout my essay, I will discuss how these advertisements are used and whether they are effective or not towards the audience in preventing smoking. The most effective ways these Real Cost advertisements are used is by showing pictures in magazines or on billboards in places such as train stations of tobacco’s effects on your health. These advertisements also air different videosRead MoreBanning Smoking On Ohio University s Campus833 Words   |  4 Pages Banning Smoking on Ohio University’s Campus Ohio University president, Roderick McDavis stated that â€Å"We will join more than 1,000 campuses nationwide who ban the use of tobacco on their campuses,†(Lee). Banning smoking will help make the campus area healthy by encouraging the smokers to quit smoking, Ohio University decided to ban smoking on any campus property. The University campus will begin the Smoke and Tobacco-Free Initiative policy in August 2015. The policy will impose by using a communityRead MoreRhetorical Essay687 Words   |  3 Pagesthe Anti-Smoking Advertisements Joshua Martinez DeVry University ENG-112-64585 Anti-smoking advertisements occasionally pop up throughout our society which is often showing the viewers the harmful effects of tobacco through startling images. This advertisement uses the elements of ethos, pathos, and logos in order to make people rethink about smoking. The video advertisement uses children to make a point across by showing real scenarios on the effects of smoking. It showsRead MoreThe Need to Ban Smoking in Public Places: A Persuasive Essay744 Words   |  3 Pagesnot to ban smoking in public places has been ongoing for quite a long period of time. While there are those who are opposed to the banning of smoking in public places, quite a number of studies conducted in the past have clearly demonstrated that second-hand smoke has serious health implications for nonsmokers. In this text, I concern myself with the need to ban smoking in public places. Smoking in Public Places In the past, there was a widely held assumption that cigarette smoking only harmedRead MoreWhy We Smoke Essay1061 Words   |  5 Pagesclassroom lecture on all the negative side effects that smoking causes in the human body, I felt somewhat concerned that the habit that I have had for 10 years of my life might be a serious problem to my health, even at this young age. We spent a great deal of time discussing the negative side effects of smoking covering heart disease, cancer, and respiratory failure, but there was very little discussion given to how and why we started smoking in the first place and what steps we have to take toRead MoreHow Persuasion Is The Most Important Aspect Of Advertising988 Words   |  4 Pages(video) is anti-smoking. It is known that in order for an ad to be successful, it must appeal to an audience or certain people. After watching, it may become clear that the advertisement targets smokers. In the video, a little boy loses his mother in the mix of a v ery large crowd and becomes very upset and begins to cry. It is not clear whether the mother leaves to go smoke a cigarette or if she accidentally let’s go of the child’s hand and walks away. The narrator then states that one should imagine howRead MoreTeen Smoking : By Chris Woolston950 Words   |  4 Pagesciting ample convincing evidence from prior researches. He also gives the causes of the augmentation of the smoking behavior among teens and effective ways through which the matter could be solved. However, I could have liked categorization of the status of the teen more affected by the smoking habit (students and non-students). This article is Chris Woolston’s work entitled ‘Teen Smoking’. Woolston begins a brief reflection of Bubba Ash, a 15 years smoker who gives a short description of the painful

Sunday, May 10, 2020

Romeo and Juliet Compared to Pride and Prejudice Essay

Although Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ and Austen’s ‘Pride and Prejudice’ are two completely different texts, as one is a play- only able to use dialogue to portray feelings of love-and the other is a novel- where descriptions of characters moods and feelings can be used- they both demonstrate a variety of techniques to portray strong feelings of love. Right from the beginning Shakespeare introduces the ideas of strong love using a prologue-this prologue is a sonnet in iambic pentameter. From the phrase ‘star crossed lovers’ Shakespeare is using the idea of fate so that the reader already knows that there will be strong love between two of the characters. It also indicates that the characters have no choice in who they will love as†¦show more content†¦However the uses of an oxymoron could be to show the confusion of his thoughts which could possibly indicate that his love for her is not real and he is just confused about his feelings-he appears to be quite fickle, especially when he meets Juliet and forgets about his feelings for Rosaline. When Romeo talks about Juliet his language includes more metaphors, such as ‘†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ and is more straight forward, this indicates that his love for her is more true and real. Separately, Darcy’s first proposal is rejected by Elizabeth. Mr Darcy is more mature and reacts differently to Romeo, he is more filled ‘with anger’ than anything else although he does struggle ‘for the appearance of composure’ which lends itself to the idea that Mr Darcy’s feelings for her must be quite strong as even though he is being refused he does not want to appear as though she has hurt him, although it is clear that she has due to the fact he is ‘struggling’ with his emotions and to keep calm. He begins his proposal by saying ‘You must allow me to tell you how ardently I admire and love you.’ The ‘must’ shows the strength of his feelings as he is not allowing her to refuse his claim and shows how urgently he feels he needs to tell her his feelings. It also implies that he doesn’t just love for her looks or manners but respects and admires her for her character. At this point, however, Eliza beth does not have any feelings of love towards Darcy and she refusesShow MoreRelatedComparison of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet and Austen’s Pride and Prejudice960 Words   |  4 PagesShakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet and Austen’s Pride and prejudice are two completely different texts as one dialogue to represent feelings of love, whereas the other novel which uses description of the characters feelings to portray strong love. Shakespeare’s wrote the famous love story in English literature in the 17th century whereas Austen lived in the 19th century which I believe contributes to their views on love and the time they lived in affects their characters and techniques of writing. Romeo andRead MoreDifferences in the Tragedies of Romeo and Juliet and Hamlet by William Shakespeare1621 Words   |  7 Pagesalso having physical strength. Shakespeare’s tragedies of Hamlet and Romeo and Juliet illustrate two very different conceptions of tragedy. Hamlet is a story about revenge, with a need for the truth to be reveled at all costs. Romeo and Juliet centers around innocence, soiled by prejudice of family conflict. The story surrounds the main characters, but the minor foils of each play give a deeper meaning to the actions of Romeo, Juliet and Hamlet. Benvolio and Tybalt are each trying to serve and protectRead MoreBeauty And The Beautiful Beast : A Discussion Of Gender Roles And Abusive Relationships1822 Words   |  8 PagesEdward Cullen, who is also seventeen, but has been that age for over 100 years because he also just so happens to also be a vampire. Though their romance has been described as desirable by many who have read the book, and has even been compared to Romeo and Juliet, it has also been argued that the relationship between the two lovers is much unhealthier than it seems on the surface. Having been described as a stalker, abusive, and even a psychopath, many critics of the novel say that Edward is anythingRead MoreAnalysis Of Stephenie Meyer s The Twilight Saga 2012 Words   |  9 Pagesattended Chaparral High School. Most kids there were from families that made good money and drove nice expensive cars. Stephenie’s family had enough money to spend on the things they needed, but they were not rich. She felt as if she were a misfit when compared to others at her school. Many students had dark tans from the hot sun, but she had naturally fair skin. She wasn’t popular, but she had friends. She would rather read and spend time with her family than hang out with friends or go on dates. WhenRead MoreBritish Arts5612 Words   |  23 PagesBritish people a safe opportunity to look behind the mask of accepted s ocial behavior. The countrys most successful and respected playwrights are usually those who explore the darker side of the personality and of personal relationships such as Romeo and Juliet, Macbeth†¦. British theatre has such a fine acting tradition that Hollywood is forever raiding its talent for people to star in films. British television does the same thing. Moreover, Broadway, when looking for its next blockbuster musical,

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Negligence Free Essays

string(65) " concluded that the advisor owed the plaintiff a duty of care 4\." Introduction Negligence is a branch of civil law known as tort .tort is defined as a civil wrong in the form of breach of duty from which the legal remedy is an award of damage. Negligence is the doing of something which a reasonable person would not do or the failure to do something that a reasonable person would do which inflicts harm. We will write a custom essay sample on Negligence or any similar topic only for you Order Now Negligence covers wide area this meaning that it does not only involve careless conduct and involves a combination of the concepts of duty, breach and sufficient connection in law. The plaintiff does not have to prove that the defendant either intended his act or its consequences. Negligence is based on three essentials which the plaintiff must prove on the base of probability in order to succeed in an action in negligence, this are (i) Duty of care (ii) Standard of care (iii) Sufficient connection in law Duty of care (dongue v Stevenson) Did the defendant owe the plaintiff a duty of care? This is the question we ask, which the plaintiff must prove on the balance of probabilities. if no duty of care is owed the plaintiff calm must fail .the judge has the responsibility for deciding whether or not a duty of care exists as the issue is a question of law having regard to the fact of the case . The method used to test the duty of care will differ depending on whether this case involves negligence advice or negligence act Negligence acts are based on the doctrine of -Reasonable foresees ability -Proximity. Reasonable foreseeability Where in reasonable foresee ability we get to ask was the defendant able to foresee that his action or omission would cause harm or injury to the plaintiff? . plaintiff must prove that a reasonable person in similar circumstance to the defendant would be aware that their conduct may create a risk of harming the other person .breach of duty at this stage the concept of reasonable foresbility is concerned with the nature of the risk that has been created by the defendants conduct .in other words how would a  reasonable person respond to what exact type of risk. This is concerned with setting standards of acceptable conduct that will be determined with reference to range of factors including the likely consequences on the plaintiff if the risk eventuates and the burden that would be imposed on the defendant to remove the risk (Sullivan v moody ) (2001) 207 CLR 562 . The following steps are the once the court broad approach seems to involve in determining duty of care 3.1Analogies –recognized duties of care Determine whether there was a reasonably foreseeable risk of injury without that they can be never a duty of care .Determine whether the case is closely analogous to other cases in which duty of care has a ready been established .If not look to the salient features of the case to determine whether they reveal a sufficiently close neighbor relationship to warrant finding a duty of care 3.2.2Neighborhood factor The friend had brought a bottle of ginger beer after she had drunk some of the ginger beer she poured the remaining onto a dish and decomposed remains of a snail floated out of the bottle .she suffered shock and gastroenteritis .she sued the ginger beer manufacture. Was the manufacture liable to her negligence? The manufacture was reliable. The court held the manufacturers have general duty to entire consuming public to ensure their products do not contain potentially dangerous effects that can be discovered on a reasonable inspection lord Atkins said that you must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omission which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbor. Who the in law is your neighbor? The answer seems to be persons who are closely and directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being so affected when I am directing my mind to act or omission 3.2 .3 Social policy Duty of care will not generally be found if doing so would subject the defendants to an intermediate liability. policy consideration also apply in wide range of other cases where they allow the court to weigh competing consideration of legal policy to determine whether despite proof of foreseeability and neighbor hood duty should not be imposed either a tall the party need to succeed in his action. What this means is that general  policy issues are only taken into account where it would have been unreasonable to have expected the defendant to have done what would have been nesecassary to prevent the harm that occurred (stovin v wise) 3.2.4Proximity Was the defendant so close that the plaintiff had to have him in mind? We have three ways to determine this (i) By physical proximity between the person or property of the plaintiff and the person or property of the defendant (ii) By circumstantial proximity that which exists in particular circumstances (iii) By causal proximity in the sense of closeness of directness of the relationship between the defendant particular act or omission and injury that the plaintiff sustained 4.0 Duty of care for negligence advices There are clear differences between negligence word and negligence advice. Negligence words cannot cause loss by themselves. They cause loss only because persons act on them in reliance. second it is uncommon for people in social or informal context to make statements less carefully than if they were given advice in business or professionally the last words may be foreseeable receive such a coverage or circulation that application of (dongue v Stevenson) might lead to many claims for large amounts damages in the case (shaddock and associates v Parramatta city council {1981} 150 CLR 225) developed the following test of question 4.1 Development of the law (i)Was the advice given on a serious matter? (ii)Did the speaker realize that or ought to have realized that his advice would be acted upon (iii)Was it reasonable for the recipient to act on the advice? Once the fact of the case supports the test it can be concluded that the advisor owed the plaintiff a duty of care 4.2 Shaddock test, reliance and assumption of responsibility Shaddock and associate were interested in purchasing some land for development before they made enquires with the local council to ensure there were no plans that would affect they development the Parramatta city council issued a statement saying that there were no plans that would affect the block of land. Soon after purchasing the Parramatta council widened the road making the block smaller .shaddock could  not develop the land as planned because the block had become smaller .if they sold the land shaddock would lose the money because the value had dropped If someone gives information that they know will be relied upon and it is reasonable for others to rely upon it then there is duty to take reasonable care that the information is correct The advisor owed the plaintiff a duty of care in the case of shaddock associate v Parramatta city council 5.0 Sufficient connection in law The plaintiff must prove that there was sufficient connection in law between the injury and the conduct. To satisfy this plaintiff must show that the breach actually caused the injury suffered which was due to reasonably foreseeable consequences’ of the breach. Sufficient connection in law has two components Causation -the defendant acts caused the plaintiff injury or loses Remoteness –if the defendant’s conducts did cause damage to the plaintiff is the defendant liable for the damage suffered by the plaintiff resulting from his negligence conduct The plaintiff must suffer actual damage recognized in law .the injury suffered by the plaintiff may fall in one of this classification personal physical injury loss of eye in mechanical injury, loss of hand in construction injury Property damage –involve actual physical damage to property Monetary or financial lose –involve lose of money Loses of wages 5.1 Causation We ask the question on a balance of probability. Did the defendant cause the plaintiff injury or lose? And to answer this we have some case test that we use 5.1.1 But for test The but for test formulated by lord denning in cork v Kirby MacLean is useful for determining causation although it has limitations If you say damage would not have happened but for a particular fault then that fault is in fact a cause of the damage, but if you say the damage would have happened just the same fault or not, then the fault is not the cause of the damage when this happens you find both parties say but for your a fault it would not have happened but it’s both faults are the cause. In other words if the damage would not have happened without a particular fault then that  fault was the cause .the damage would have happened just the same way with or without the fault then the fault was not the cause (cork v Kirby Maclean ltd) The but for test to have some limitation for example say A and B light a fire independently each other in different places and meet up and burns down some house. Under the but for test neither B nor A is reliable as the house would still have burned by the other fire if he hadn’t lit a fire however in particular both would be held equally liable 5.1.2 The common sense test The high court has expressed dissatisfaction with the† but for test† and its limitation .pentony graw, lennard and parker (2003,p. 386) a preferred approach is to ask on the balance of probability the defendants acts or omission caused or materially contributed to the plaintiff loss damage or injury. The common sense test ask a question of fact (March v stramare (EMH) pty ltd (1991)171CLR 506) 5.1.3 Novus actus intervenes Certain activities or action may happen to prevent or break a chain of events or procedures and render the defendant not liable for particular losses suffered by the plaintiff. Consider an employee injured at work due negligence of his employer. they are been rushed to the hospital and the car he is in is involved in another accident causing further injuries to the patient .is the employer liable for this other accident suffered? Under this act it intervenes and rules that perhaps it carelessness of the other road users so the employer is not the cause and is not liable (knightly v johns {1982}) 5.2 REMOTNESS In remoteness we look at the amount of damages the defendant is liable for. The defendant is not necessary liable for all the damages cause as the law must draw the line somewhere. In the case of wagon mound the defendant is not liable only for the kind of damage that were reasonably foreseeable that is damage suffered was not too remote. Example the defendant carelessly places a wooden plank which falls into a plaintiff ship hold and to unknown in both parties is full of vapors. The falling plank strikes and ignites the vapors with serious damages results with remoteness the defendant was not able to foresee that so the defendant is only liable for those type or kind  of injury that are necessary foreseeable 5.2.1 TEST OF REASONABLE FORESEEBILITY Clearly personal injury or physical damages to property from impact are the kind or type of injury are reasonably foreseeable as the results of being hit by the plank, whilst an explosion is arguably to farfetched to be reasonably foreseeable .however if the defendant had known that the hold was full of vapor then the explosion may then be seen as reasonably foreseeable as a consequence of the plank 5.2.2 EGG SHELL SKULL RULE Egg shell skull rule qualifies remoteness the issue of reasonable foreseebility in relation to personal injury .once the type of damage that is reasonably foreseeable is personal injury then the defendant is liable for all of that kind of injury actually suffered that s why the rule says that you must take you victim as you find him (egg shell skull rule )hence once some personal injury is reasonable foreseeable example if a person has some heart problem the you tell him to go and work in place where his heart will be affected and he collapses the egg shell rule applies (smith v leech brain co ltd {1962}) 6.0 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE ESSENTIAL ON DEFENDANT LIABILITY The requirement that a plaintiff establish that a duty is owed by the defendant places a limit on the situation in which liability can arise in the first place . once the existence of duty care and its breach has been established , the requirement the plaintiff damages actually suffered not be too remote (that is reasonably foreseeable )place a limit on the extent of the defendant s liability .that is a duty of care limits when liability can rise in the first place ,and once establish ,remoteness limits its extent 6.1 DAMAGES Definition Damages is the sum of money payable by a defendant found the main purpose of an award of damage is fair compensation rather than punishment or retribution loss means the damage or loss suffered and can be in personal  property or pure economic terms damage is the sum of money awarded for loss or damage suffered 6.2CLASSIFICATION OF LOSS Losses for damage are awarded in negligence fall into two categories pecuniary And non pecuniary   Pecuniary loss is defined as loss which can be valued or determined by monetary value an award of damage for pecuniary loss aims to return the plaintiff as close as possible to the position he would have been in had the injury not occurred Non pecuniary – is defined as loss which is difficult to asses or determine precisely in money term. Award of damage for non pecuniary loss aim to compensate the plaintiff for their pain and suffering loss of amenity, expectation of life and so on as a result of the injury 7.0Conclusion In negligence we have to proof that duty off care was owed to the plaintiff by the defendant so that we can have been able to connect it with the law. If no duty of care is owed the plaintiff clam must fail. The judge has the responsibility to decide whether or not duty of care exists. If there are clear facts about it then duty of care is owed to the plaintiff. After establishing duty of care was owed the plaintiff must show that there was sufficient connection in law between the injury and the conduct to satisfy this the plaintiff must show that the breach actually caused the injury suffered which was type was a reasonable foreseeable How to cite Negligence, Papers

Thursday, April 30, 2020

To Test a Mans Character Give Him Power free essay sample

A title, office, uniform, piece of paper, certificate, skin colour, money or just being born in the right family provides others with power over us. What very few people fully understand is that they have been involved in an ongoing â€Å"power struggle† since the day of their birth. There always has been and there always will be people that play some kind of controlling role in your life. A child is obviously virtually powerless when he/she is still young and dependent on his/her parents. Almost everything he/she does, gets involved in, wears and even eats is decided by his/her parents. Due to them not being able to do anything about their disposition, they are forced to accept a submissive role until they are one day big and independent enough to leave home. Children often feel that they will be â€Å"free† once they escape the enforced control of their parents, just to discover to their dismay that there will always be a range of people that will play or attempt to play a fairly dominant role in their lives. We will write a custom essay sample on To Test a Mans Character Give Him Power or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When teenagers enter the adult world they soon notice that their professors, bosses or bank managers also have serious control over them. We will forever have people that are in power positions that â€Å"rule† or control certain areas of our lives. There are people that are appointed or have gained a controlling position over us that are empowered to police all our actions. Most people that are ruled by someone else tend to take on a submissive role and allow such people to dominate and intimidate them. The champions of life never bend their knee to anybody. They are strong and proud and never allow any person, notwithstanding his title, position, status or office to intimidate or dominate them. They remain strong and proud and never feel powerless in any situation and many people should be advised to follow these people due to the fact that everyone is just as important as the other. If you find yourself to swoon, cringe; become agitated or uptight when you think of a certain person he or she has too much control and power over you. You must never allow any person or situation to hold an unfair advantage over you. If you are currently dominated by any person or party you are the one that empowered this person and you are the one that must dismantle or modify his or her power position by talking to them, letting them express their true feelings and being the bigger person and sorting the problem out. I have found these words very true according to some people that have been selected to be of higher ranking than others, i. e. prefects or heads of a group. Many people that have become prefects or leaders of some sort tend to take it too far and become very ‘power hungry’. Even people who don’t have any leadership role tend to become jealous of those that do and feel the need to over-rule those that are actually leaders to be seen, known and heard. I have seen this happen many times as I have been through this process three times regarding prefects and countless times regarding leaders of a group. I believe that in order to be a good leader and a good person in general you would need to keep yourself level-headed and calm when it comes to leadership positions. I believe that you must remain strong and keep your dignity in tact notwithstanding your status in life. You do not need lots of money, rich parents, a uniform or certificate to retain your self-confidence. It is true most men can stand adversity but can definitely not withstand power. Many people lose friends and family because they are just unbearable when they become too over-powering. Once you’ve given someone a role of power you can really see who they actually are and it becomes a great disadvantage to many. Many people can stand adversity, but give him power and you will be sure to find the real deal behind all the little white lies about a true character.

Saturday, March 21, 2020

Free Essays on Rawls

John Rawls, professor of philosophy at Harvard, published a paper in the Philosophical Review for 1958 called 'Justice as Fairness', followed up by various other papers, and in 1971 a large book A Theory of Justice. Rawls disagrees with the Utilitarians over their way of spelling out the idea of the happiness of mankind generally. They say: Consider whether the act, rule or institution to be evaluated is best for the happiness of mankind generally. The difficulty is that often it will be both to the advantage of some people and to the disadvantage of others. The effect on the happiness of mankind generally has to be assessed by somehow balancing off the bad effects on some people against the good effects on others. There is no way of avoiding this. Some of the practical questions we have to decide do involve choice between possible courses of action all of which have good effects on some people and bad effects on others. If a political or ethical theory can't give us any guidance on deciding questions like that then it is almost useless. Questions of distributive justice especially call for decisions between conflicting interests - if some get more others get less. So the effect on the happiness of mankind generally will be the resultant of good effects on some, bad effects on others. Rawls's objection to Utilitarianism is that it puts no restrictions upon the subordination of some people's interests to those of others, except that the net outcome should be good. This would allow, any degree of subordination, provided the benefit to those advantaged was great enough. Rawls thinks that a theory of justice cannot let disadvantages to some be justified by advantages to others. Let us imagine we are talking about a household. On a particular occasion the interest of a minority may be subordinated to that of a majority - they will watch the TV program most them want. But if the same people are outvoted every time their household will s... Free Essays on Rawls Free Essays on Rawls John Rawls, professor of philosophy at Harvard, published a paper in the Philosophical Review for 1958 called 'Justice as Fairness', followed up by various other papers, and in 1971 a large book A Theory of Justice. Rawls disagrees with the Utilitarians over their way of spelling out the idea of the happiness of mankind generally. They say: Consider whether the act, rule or institution to be evaluated is best for the happiness of mankind generally. The difficulty is that often it will be both to the advantage of some people and to the disadvantage of others. The effect on the happiness of mankind generally has to be assessed by somehow balancing off the bad effects on some people against the good effects on others. There is no way of avoiding this. Some of the practical questions we have to decide do involve choice between possible courses of action all of which have good effects on some people and bad effects on others. If a political or ethical theory can't give us any guidance on deciding questions like that then it is almost useless. Questions of distributive justice especially call for decisions between conflicting interests - if some get more others get less. So the effect on the happiness of mankind generally will be the resultant of good effects on some, bad effects on others. Rawls's objection to Utilitarianism is that it puts no restrictions upon the subordination of some people's interests to those of others, except that the net outcome should be good. This would allow, any degree of subordination, provided the benefit to those advantaged was great enough. Rawls thinks that a theory of justice cannot let disadvantages to some be justified by advantages to others. Let us imagine we are talking about a household. On a particular occasion the interest of a minority may be subordinated to that of a majority - they will watch the TV program most them want. But if the same people are outvoted every time their household will s...

Wednesday, March 4, 2020

Avoiding Prompt Dependency

Avoiding Prompt Dependency A serious problem for special educators can be to create prompt dependence. In the effort to teach new skills we can create new barriers to success and independence by creating prompt dependence, where a student is unable to work without the application of prompting. The Continuum of Prompting Prompting lies on a continuum from Most to Least, or Least to Most. Most prompts are those which are the most invasive, the full physical prompt. From a full physical prompt, prompting progresses to partial physical prompts (tapping an elbow) and then through verbal prompting and gestural prompting. Professionals make decisions about how best to employ prompting, usually judging the ability of the student. Some students, who are able to imitate, should probably be taught a new activity by modeling with a minimum of prompting. Prompts are intended to be faded, or removed, so that the child can perform the new skill independently. Thats why verbal is in the middle of the continuum, since they can often be harder to fade than gestural prompts. In fact, all too often prompt dependence begins with constant verbal directions teachers give children. The opposite problem can happen as well, as children get tired of constant verbal nagging from significant adults. Plan Your Prompting If students have receptive language and have a history of responding to verbal directions, you will want to plan a least to most prompting protocol. You want to teach or model the activity, give the spoken directive, and then attempt a gestural prompt, such as pointing. If that does not elicit the response/behavior that you wanted, you would progress to the next level, which would be gestural and verbal, Pick up the ball (while pointing to the ball.) At the same time, your teaching may be part of a forward or backward chain, depending on the skill and the skill level of your student. Whether you forward chain ​or backward chain will depend as well on whether you anticipate that your student will succeed best at the first or last step. If you are teaching a child to make pancakes in an electric skillet, you may want to backward chain, and make removing the pancake from the pan the first step you teach, since the reinforcement (eating the pancake) is close at hand. In the same way, planning your task analysis and chaining strategy to guarantee success is a great way to avoid prompt dependency. Children with poor or not receptive language, who dont respond, will need to be prompted most to least starting with full physical prompting, such as hand over hand prompting. There is greater danger of creating prompt dependency when you start at this level. It would probably be good to vary activities, so the student does tasks he or she has mastered interspersed with activities that they are learning. In this way, they are completing unprompted activities while at the same time working on new skills. Fading Fading is planned withdrawal of prompting in order to avoid prompt dependency. Once you have seen the child provide a decent approximation of the behavior or activity you want, you should start withdrawing the prompt . . . perhaps moving to a partial physical prompt (touching the childs hand, rather than a full physical, hand over hand prompt) or to a verbal prompt, paired with re-modeling the activity. Quickly pulling back from the most invasive prompting as quickly as possible is probably one of the most important strategies in avoiding prompt dependency. It means accepting an approximation and moving on, rather than spending too much tie on a single repeated activity. The key, then, is to: Plan your prompting.Mix mastered skills with new skills,Accept approximations of the behavior and start withdrawing prompting andFade as soon as you can.

Monday, February 17, 2020

Xerxes The Great, 'Ahasuerus' Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Xerxes The Great, 'Ahasuerus' - Essay Example It is often presented as a truism that the winners write the history books. But when the subject is a figure of controversy, with both dark and light sides, it is often difficult to really see what happened in a way that highlights veracity. Looking at Xerxes I of Persia, one faces such a situation. On the one hand, Xerxes’ invasion of Greece was massive in scale, represented ingenious engineering, and resulted in the fruition of the goal of its general: a victory at Thermopylae, and the capture of Athens. On the other hand, taking Athens was essentially Xerxes’ last successful move: he faced nothing but a series of embarrassing defeats afterwards, and after the withdrawal of forces from Greece, was treated very harshly by Greek historians. The basic assumption of the current research investigation is that Xerxes, leading the Persian army after Thermopylae, represents a different and more unstable sort of commander than Xerxes before this seminal battle: after burning A thens, Xerxes seems to make nothing but poor strategic decisions. Up until his eventual murder in a court intrigue, when he was essentially disgraced as a general, and was focusing mainly on building projects, Xerxes showed a slippage of rationality and good judgment, along with an increasing inability to take counsel from his advisors and military planners.

Monday, February 3, 2020

Judith Thomsons Responsibility Argument Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Judith Thomsons Responsibility Argument - Essay Example That is why in the course of the years, both sides of the discussion tried to come up with convincing argument. This paper ill describe and then critically analyze one of the ideas that was developed by Judith Thomson who supports abortion. In the course of the defense, the author comes up with several analogies which are supposed to be projected on the issue of abortion and convince the people that the latter is permissible. One of such analogues deals with the imaginary people-seeds. According to the author, there is world where the latter are floating in the air freely and are able to root in one’s furniture. One is able to take special precautions not to let them happen by installing special screens that would keep this pollen away. However, just like any material object, the screens might be defective and people-seeds might eventually end up in the house and root in the furniture. There is no doubt that the parallel between this thought experiment and conception is straightforward. The author goes further, claiming that there are certain rights that can be identified in this situation. First of all, the people-seeds do not have a legitimate right to dwell in the apartment of the person. The latter does not want to have children and the fact that the seeds were able to get it is nothing, but a coincidence. In addition to that, this person has an absolute right to get rid of the people-seeds since the latter are not welcome in the house. As one can clearly see this is a clear allusion to abortion. What is more important is that one can also name several duties that people have with regard to the question above. First of all, it is their duty to use means of protection that are available, primarily the above mentioned screens. The author suggests that there might be more extreme ways to make sure that people-seeds would not take a root as getting rid of all the furniture in the house (perform hysterectomy) or seal all doors and windows (never

Sunday, January 26, 2020

The Mtc Touch Mission Marketing Essay

The Mtc Touch Mission Marketing Essay MTC touch is one of two mobile operators in Lebanon currently with more than 2 million subscribers. Since 2002 the mobile telecom sector is owned by the government and operated by 3rd party firms, thus MTC Touch is no anomaly, it is owned by the government and managed by Zain Group. As for competition MTC Touch is competing with its Rival Alfa the second mobile operator. MTC Touch mission Clearly defined missions can be managed better, to help assess MTC Touch business mission we will follow the four main points: Purpose, Strategy, Behaviors and Value (Campel Yueng, 1991) Purpose MTC Touch is committed to excellence and clearly states that Enhancing peoples lifestyle is one of its top missions through application and maintenance of Quality management system that is ISO compliant (Touch, n.d.) Strategy MTC Touch is embracing every opportunity to improve and optimize its products and services and be an active contributor to the community (Touch, n.d.) Behavior Standards MTC Touch is betting on its high level of professionalism and internal coordination by providing a special place to work (Touch, n.d.) Value MTC Touch believes in adding value to its Stakeholders and its customers through continuous innovation, performance and quality MTC Touch Marketing Lebanon was notorious for its slow internet, In Late 2011 MTC Touch launched its 3.9G network and offered five new data packages, ranging from 10$ to 99$, and three new blackberry services, ranging from 1.5$ to 4.5$ a week, urged by market forces to develop variety of marketing mixes (Borden, 1964) . Market Orientation MTC Touch operates domestically in a Business to Consumer marketing fashion; it is worth looking at the Market Orientation and its evolution within MTC Touch, and assess the main components: customer orientation, competitor orientation and inter functional coordination (Stanley Narver, 1994). To accommodate to its customer value chain which is evolving with time and to create superior value for its customers MTC Touch was urged to continuously improve current services and launch new services. By knowing its rival Alfa short-term weakness, which was in the process of launching 3G, and with the launch of more advanced and latest 3.9G technology, MTC Touch demonstrated well developed competitor orientation practices. MTC Touch knew that for successful release of the new products they have to build a swat team to coordinate internally which demonstrated strong focus on inter-functional coordination demonstrated by the launch of its products in sync with network upgrade, marketing campaign and distribution facilities. It is clear that the market orientation is serving the global strategy goal declared in MTC touch mission, This gives us how close to the customer they aim to be and how effective they are in responding to market changes (Baines, et al., 2011). Effective marketing strategy requires homogeneous segmentation of market in response to market heterogeneity, understanding the needs and providing the right products (Baker Hart, 2008). The following illustrates the segmentation and different factors known as the marketing environment affecting the MTC Touch marketing mix. The Marketing Environment Factors that affect the marketing mix are known as the marketing forces, this section will shed the light on those factors that affected MTC Touch marketing mix, in a differentiated marketing approach. The Socio-cultural environment pushed MTC Touch to release variety of products for business users, teenagers, light and heavy users, as failing to adapt to such changes through changes in products mix will ultimately have bad impact on companies (Baines, et al., 2011) , it is always good to understand the variation in income in individuals life time and its influence on buying trends (MarketingTeam, n.d.). The economical environment which has direct impact on consumer behaviors (Borden, 1964) where it identifies how much people can spend buying products, urged MTC Touch to release products at different prices. The Technological environment which is shifting more towards mail and web based marketing in current technology evolution era (Sclater, 2005) was demonstrated through MTC Touch advertisements utilizing Facebook, websites, tweeter and YouTube. The Legal and governmental environment in Lebanon of which companies have to follow strict regulations over pricing, promotions and advertising (Borden, 1964), The Dilemma here was to attack rivals network and products given that direct comparison is banned. The industrial environment represented by realizing the size, strength, motivations and attitudes of direct competitor (Borden, 1964) ,which is ALFA this case, as a result MTC touch rushed to upgrade its network and responded to the pressure of booming Smartphones and the incredibly data hungry applications to satisfy its customers. The Ecological environment puts more pressure caused by Government and MTC Touch being committed to be eco-friendly, as consumers are becoming more worried about the impact of products on the environment (Baines, et al., 2011);MTC touch green success comes in the form of replacing obsolete generators and use eco friendly ones to reduce pollution and also demonstrated by the launch of several green services such as ATM recharge, online recharge, credit transfer, bill e-pay and online provisioning (Touch, n.d.). Apart from external factors listed above another forces affected the marketing mix which are related to consumer behaviors. The consumer behavior factors of which we consider, the individual part where customers are in need for high speed internet to stay connected to work and social hubs in a world of smartphones, Roamers are in need and looking for high speed internet services that match with to their home countries, MTC Touch was missing huge amount of unidentified revenue, the sociological part presented through the influence of other consumers either friends or family members that are already aware of such products such as inbound Roamers (Baker Hart, 2008) Segmentation This section will examine the segmentation procedures used by MTC Touch which were based on profile, behavioral and psychological criteria, good segmentation identify the groups that are worth looking at, the underserved and the dissatisfied (Yankelovich Meer, 2006). Behavioral based on consumers usage of mobile internet, social, functionality and people being so attracted to technology Profile based on demographics such as age, income, occupation and education Psychological based on consumers interest, personality and their lifestyles. MTC Touch launched products targeting roamers and extensive consumption customers as marketing today is becoming more focused on smaller but profitable segments in a way to be more efficient and effective (Duncan, 2002). The Marketing Mix Marketing is a key management discipline (Marketing, n.d.) In which MTC Touch considers it as a philosophy for reaching new customers by offering different marketing mix to different segments, and to be a successful one it should have the four rights: product, place, time and price (Marketing, n.d.). Product Through this product mix offerings MTC Touch tried to enhance customer perception by maximizing the customer benefit of their offerings (Borden, 1964) , they were able to reach new business segment through their blackberry products, this launch was coupled with several intangible services such as Credit Transfer, online provisioning and free mobile app to manage and monitor usage Price By launching different products, MTC touch tried to target different market segments business and personal, they even launched same product in different prices but different consumption cap, which enabled them to reach both low and high income market segments. Promotion To promote their new products, MTC Touch covered different aspects advertisement, PR and branding where it made use of TV, Radio, website, creating weekly episodes to maintain online hype and interaction and billboards (Lynx, 2012).in conjunction with the launch MTC Touch had plenty of offers such as free prepaid to postpaid switch, Free night data usage, 40% discount on night voice calls and all day on Sunday. The Bati2 campaign, in English (too slow), won the first prize in Dubai international advertisement festival, MTC Touch challenge due to regulations was to communicate to customers that the new 3.9G network is faster than the rivals 3G network and the solution was speedy and amigo with a mission to find anything faster than 3.9G. Results were instantaneous, Bati2 was everywhere in tweets, jokes, comments on sports, politics and the latest news, on facebook, it was even on popular TV programs. As a result MTC Touch added over 200 000 new subscriptions within 6 weeks (Lynx, 2012) Place MTC Touch reaches everyone anywhere, recharge cards available in MTC Touch retail stores, market Shops, Fuel Stations, Mobile outlets, online charging is also another option, ATM recharge and even Credit transfer between MTC Touch customers. Packaging Aligning their branding strategy with packaging, MTC Touch stresses on the High Speed message, all recharge cards comes out with Speedy and Amigo on the cover People MTC Touch fell short in this area, They didnt have the competitive edge in both presales and post sales support, appropriate training was not provided for call center employees, there is no process defined for submitting a support ticket, The Retail employees dont have enough information about the released products and were not a help to customers to best select the product that fits Evolution of influencing Forces We are living in a dynamic world with continuous changes of behaviors, of which the successful firm has to adapt to those changes and shall predict consumers and competitors responses to its products, a firm that is always seeking opportunities and creating them, a firm that has foresight and observing market signals whether they are natural, economical, social, industrial or technological (Borden, 1964). The marketing mix is nothing but a solution to a problem at a given time and should never be constant or fixed, markets evolve and become more challenging, marketing mix should be as well in continuous motion responding to markets, to consumers, to competitors and to other external forces (Borden, 1964). MTC Touch and influencing Forces The economical factor; Lebanon is passing through difficult times and the mobile rates are still highest if compared to the region despite the current reduction in prices. Further reduction in prices may be faced with legal constraints from the government. The Technological factor; in the era of social media where people posting their bad perception of products online and in reach of everyone, The Legal, governmental and political factor; changing prices is limited by government, political issues continue to evolve in Lebanon and the whole region which will have impact as Leading political parties will always aim to have more control on the telecommunication sector through changing the management team , thus impacting the whole firm strategy. The government is planning to release a third license in Lebanon ,as a result this will redistribute the market share, another negative note would be low prices offered by the new entrant as it will be given a grace period in terms of offers and prices. The industrial factor; Telecom sector is dynamically evolving and todays technology could be obsolete by tomorrow, MTC Touch rival is in plan to upgrade their network to 3.9G by then MTC Touch will lose their technological edge, Data usage is surging due to the introduction of smartphones. Consumer behaviors are rapidly changing, high speed internet and being socially connected is becoming more a need not a demand, and Consumers are looking for services that fit their needs. Response to Changes MTC Touch should always be creative and innovative in terms of developing and adjusting its marketing mix, should follow the trend and respond to its customers by always being up-to-date in terms of technologies and offered products, should always target the underserved consumers by offering new products or by adapting its current marketing mix. MTC Touch should have more focus on Relationship marketing with consumers and distributors to increase their sense of loyalty, to engage consumers in developing or adjusting products; more focus on integrated marketing through communicating with consumers, try to answer their questions, get their feedback; more focus on Internal marketing through aligning the vision with stakeholders and employees, giving them sense of involvement. Marketing Research Marketing research is the process of gathering, analyzing and communicating information to provide the business with insight to assist taking marketing decision for future activities to successfully satisfy consumers through understanding their needs, motivations and ambitions (Baines, et al., 2011). Marketing research methodology process consists of different stages with a continuous feedback loops to help go back and assess work done or take corrective actions (MarketingTeam, n.d.). The process starts with defining a problem or an opportunity where the precise definition will aid shaping the market research objectives through better understanding of the needed information. Possible triggers are market conditions, competitor actions, market share or consumer behaviors. Research Approach development, decides how to proceed with the activities, what data is needed and how to collect it, how to coordinate internally or with the researcher to make the research more comprehensive. Research design development, selects the research method to be followed whether it is descriptive, exploratory or casual research, this stage also decides the selection of research agency, whether to go in-house or outsource. Data Collection and sampling, Data sources can be secondary or primary data and will be collected based on selected research method, this may include observational, Qualitative or Quantitative method, while Survey Methods can take any of the following forms: by telephone, interviews or by email (Malhotra Peterson, 2001). Analysis and presentation, analysis will be performed Depending on the nature of collected data and collection method used (Baines, et al., 2011) Reporting, this step is as important as the whole process as it is the communication method to convey the research message in a well interpreted and understandable format to decision taking people. Market Research in MTC Touch Marketing research in MTC Touch is triggered either by identifying a problem or an opportunity. MTC Touch utilizes two sources for marketing research activities, Internal marketing department or consultancy research Agents depending on the identified issue. Outsourced activities fall under the research agency responsibility with MTC Touch being a support. Case Study 1: Mobile market penetration is low (53%) MTC Touch in collaboration with Lebanese ministry of telecommunications (MoT) which is the owner of the telecom sector in Lebanon noticed that the market penetration is as low as 53 % end of 2008; they triggered a marketing research to address the problem and identify possible solutions (TRA, n.d.). Problem: Mobile market penetration is low at 53%, while neighboring countries are enjoying 100+% mobile penetrations Research Findings: The research aimed at understanding the behaviors of customers, the market structure, challenges and drivers. The research covered different categories such as mobile, internet and data. The main purpose was to shed light on issues such as penetration, usage habits, improvements and needs. Research was conducted by a consultancy market research firm which included surveys in face to face meetings and interviews fashion, with residential customers, corporate customers in a way to cover representative quotas for age, gender and socio-economic classes and different business sectors covering all Lebanese counties, also concluded interviews with providers covering topics like: objectives, plans, service offerings and regulatory implications. The data collected showed that 47% of the target group is non-mobile users and the reasons were either they dont need a mobile, evident among old people (55-64), or because of expensive call rates. Other issues were highlighted such as the short validity of prepaid cards, Very low awareness of value added services and calling rates among customers. As for areas of improvement the results came as follows, 89% of respondents were willing for reduction in costs whilst 43% for better service (TRA, n.d.). Main problem was related to product, price, promotion and customer satisfaction. Recommendations and Actions: Focusing on the research finding and recommendations, MoT in collaboration with MTC Touch decided to undertake a 40% discount on all calls in offpeak hours, introduced new prepaid cards at new rates and different validity time where cost of ownership is 55% cheaper and new packages are 27% cheaper than active packages, new recharge vouchers at different validity time, new SIM cards and codes, New postpaid cards at new rates up to 36% discount on local calls and 20% on local sms, discounted rates on international sms and calls up to 20%.Introduce new friends family plans at a 40% discount for two selected numbers. Apart from above recommendations, the research mentioned several service improvements and customer satisfaction recommendations. Things like permitting subscribers to recharge during validity period, Provide extensive training to employees, Point of Sale (PoS) and customer care centers to support new offerings, Enhance distribution agreements to expedite promotion of new offerings and launch marketing campaign to raise customers awareness for all new products. Results: Post execution results as of December 2011; shared by MoT and MTC Touch, showed tremendous success, a 28% increase in mobile penetration, increase in revenues as reported by ministry of telecommunication and increase in customer satisfaction, mtc touch maintained its leadership position at 59% market share. Analysis: The case study illustrates marketing research approach with MTC Touch and how it influence decisions related to marketing mix for new offerings. The study shows that the problem was related to Product, Price and promotion in specific, communication and awareness. The research started by defining the problem and then selecting best approach to tackle it and prepare the right mix. It gives evidence that a well designed market research addressing root cause of the problem will achieve splendid results; it shows how the segmentation of the problem helped to tackle it in different ways. Market Research Improvement The technology evolution and the globalization of markets introduced firms to new markets and new ways of conducting market research, information being available and in reach of customers urges the management to the need of hearing consumers, better understand their needs, ambitions and behaviors, thus marketing research became the mean to link management and consumers (Malhotra Peterson, 2001). Technology enhanced the effectiveness and efficiency of market research and led to increase dependency on it, The availability of huge data warehousing enhanced it through computer assisted techniques, The availability of industry and government research reports made it much easier to acquire information, The ability to save huge number of transactions increased the accuracy and The availability of internet and its nature being available to everyone and the amount of information reachable made execution faster, easier and at lower costs. (Malhotra Peterson, 2001) To improve its Market research and marketing mix, MTC Touch should be more active in the social media domain, as social sites such as Facebook, YouTube and Twitter are available to everyone, MTC Touch should listen to what customers say, understand their needs and behaviors and perceive feedback on its new products. MTC Touch should be more involved in analytical analysis methods, as Data often lends itself to statistical analyses to extract as much information as possible (Emblemsvà ¥g, 2005). The huge amount of data they possess including customers usage records, network trends and customer behaviors, the amount of tools they have to monitor customer experience and network performance, All this can play an important role in engaging customers passively in their market research, can help them understand the effect of all factors on the marketing mix and measure its efficiency to help model new marketing mix. They can use such data to find patterns, behaviors and correlations and use such correlations to optimize the marketing mix.